Ishan Sharma

Full Stack Engineer, Blogger, Student

Black Borders on Your External Display? Here’s the fix for macOS

Mac ·

Updates:

Before you the method in this post, try XG’s suggestion to restart in safe mode.

This method in this post requires trial and error if you have lot of displays. Konstantin Gredeskoul has created an automated bash script and shared it on GitHub. Check his comment.

Or directly go to GitHub for instructions: Changing OSX Underscan

I recently purchased an Asus external monitor. The first thing I noticed on plugging it to my MacBook was that there was a blank space at each of the edges. This wasted quite a bit of screen estate and also made everything blurry. This can generally happen due to wrong underscan/overscan settings.

On testing monitor with other laptops, I found that it was working fine. So it was something with my Mac. macOS has a slider to adjust overscan in system preferences. However, it only appears for TVs. So it was not appearing for me.

It took me two hours but I finally fixed it with help of command line and Stack Overflow.

The Stack Overflow question: “How to reload .com.apple.iokit.graphics underscan without restarting?”. This was unrelated to my problem but helped me to find the file where configuration is stored.

In case you encounter same issue, here’s a step by step guide to save you a couple of hours:

Disclaimer: You may damage your system with a wrong command, so proceed with caution. I am just sharing what worked for me and am not responsible for any loss or harm caused by anything in this post. It worked for me on a MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Early 2015) running macOS High Sierra (10.13.2), it may or may not work for you.

Fixing Overscan/Underscan

  1. Open terminal.
  2. You want to open /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics file. To do that, enter following command in terminal:
    sudo open -a TextEdit /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics
  3. TextEdit will open with the file. You’ll notice that the file has following structure:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
    <plist version="1.0">
    <dict>
    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleBacklightDisplay-610-a029</key>
    <dict>
    <key>startup-timing</key>
    <data>
    AAAAAAAAAIAAcACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB
    AAAAIPwAEAAAAAAg/AAQAAAAACD8ABAAAAAAAAoAAKAAAAAwAAAAIAAAAEAG
    AAAuAAAAAwAAAAYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    </data>
    <key>version</key>
    <integer>2</integer>
    </dict>
    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleBacklightDisplay-610-a02a</key>
    <dict>
    <key>startup-timing</key>
    <data>
    AAAAAAAAAIAAEACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB
    AAAAIPwAEAAAAAAg/AAQAAAAACD8ABAAAAAAAAoAAKAAAAAwAAAAIAAAAEAG
    AAAuAAAAAwAAAAYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    </data>
    <key>version</key>
    <integer>2</integer>
    </dict>
    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleDisplay-10ac-d054</key>
    <dict>
    <key>cyuv</key>
    <integer>268435456</integer>
    <key>pscn</key>
    <integer>10000</integer>
    <key>startup-timing</key>
    <data>
    AAAAAAAAAIAAMACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAIO7ZCAAAAAAg7tkIAAAAACDu2QgAAAAAgAcAABgBAABYAAAALAAAADgE
    AAAtAAAABAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAA
    AAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
    </data>
    <key>version</key>
    <integer>2</integer>
    </dict>

    view raw
    .com.apple.iokit.graphics
    hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  4. Starting with line 5, every key tag is a separate display and following dict is list of preferences for it.
  5. Note: You may need to do a bit of trial and error to find the correct display. In my case, I only use a limited number of displays, so I reset the settings for every display, restarted and it was fixed.
  6. Find the lines that say <key>pscn</key>. This is the preference that controls underscan/overscan.
  7. Next line after every pscn key will look like this: <integer>10000</integer> (line 34 above).
  8. 10000 means that there is no underscan. Value less than 10000 means that display will be underscanned, larger value means it is overscanned.
  9. For values less than 10000, change them back to 10000.
  10. Save the file, you may need to enter your admin password.
  11. Restart.

The issue should be fixed. I hope it will save some time for you. In meantime, if you find any shortcuts, do let me know via comments.

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Ishan, thank you so much for posting this! It was a lifesaver for me, as I am forced to work on a very crappy Samsung monitor for a week that does not have any buttons, besides the power button LOL!

    I wanted to add one additional hint on how to determine which monitor is the the one that needs to be changed. Below commands are all run from the terminal:

    ? grep pscn /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics | wc -l
    58

    This tells me that I had 58 monitor entries! How to tell which one is the crappy monitor I use?

    Here is what I did to figure this out:

    1) Make a backup of the current file:

    ? cp /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics /tmp/.com.apple.iokit.graphics.backup

    2) With the “troubled” monitor connected, open DIsplay Preferences, and change it’s settings: for example, I changed it’s resolution from 1080p to 1080i. It doesn’t matter what you change, as long as you change something and specifically for that monitor.

    3) Run the “diff” command to see what had changed in that file after you made the changes:

    ? diff /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics /tmp/.com.apple.iokit.graphics.backup
    195c195
    AAAAAAA….

    (I shortened the lines for readability). The only part we care about is shown on the very first line: 195. This is the line number where the change happened after you modified your monitor settings. In my case, the value for `pscn` was three lines above 195, i.e. at line 192.

    Now it’s time to follow your instructions, open the file in an editor, then scroll to line 192, then go up a few lines to find the `pscn` and edit it.

    Don’t forget to exit display settings before changing it, and then restart.

    Finally, I’ve tried to automate this process in a helpful script, documented here:
    https://github.com/pioneerworks/lib-bash#changing-osx-underscan-for-old-monitors

    Thanks again!

    Reply

  2. Hi,

    I had the same problem and was able to fix it with the help of this post, So thank you !

    But I wish to put my 2 cents to this problem so I tried a few things and I maybe have a quicker solution…
    If you just delete the .com.apple.iokit.graphics file then restart Mac OS will create a new default one and voilà problem solved !

    Reply

    • Hi Pascal,

      Thank you for sharing. In my case, I had tried deleting that file but that didn’t work for me.

      Reply

    • a year later…

      Thanks Ishan and Pascal, I deleted the file and it worked perfectly thanks, you guys are breathtaking!!!

      Reply

  3. i typed “open -a TextEdit .com.apple.iokit.graphics” into terminal and it said the file does not exist.

    I tried searching for it on finder/spotlight trying several different keywords and phrases. I couldn’t find the file.

    could someone help?

    Reply

    • Hi,

      The file is in /var/db, so either you need to use open -a TextEdit /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics or use cd /var/db/ and then run the command I mentioned in step 2.

      Thanks.

      Reply

  5. Hello Ishan first of all thank you for this post.
    In my case (mac mini with High Sierra 10.13.5 monitor HP 2309m) the command open -a TextEdit /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics do not allow me to edit the file even modifying the permissions.
    I tried with sudo open -a TextEdit /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics but don’t works 🙁
    I resolved with the vi program
    sudo vi /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics
    In my case just value is about 9500

    Wow! It works! Thanks a lot !!!
    By by
    Paolo

    Reply

    • Thank you. Not really sure what would cause this. I included TextEdit because that’s generally easier to use for non-programmers (I had used Sublime Text).

      Glad that it worked for you.

      Reply

      • That’s because text edit can’t rewrite certain files, but vim can overwrite the original and leave it there in the same location which is what we want here in the first place

        This is the second time I had to fix the underscan. First time was for upgrading to sierra with my stock gpu that came with my mac pro 2010 dual 8 core. I followed the original instructions but I don’t think making a duplicate of the original and editing it and then replacing it fixed it because the .com is reserved and lock for the original…it took a couple of tries but it fixed it self from after a couple of restarts and safe boot..is what I think fixed it the first time.

        But this time I upgraded my GPU to a MSI rx560 and the underscan issue came back!!
        So I repeated the process instructed by your blog by duplicating the original .com.apple.iokit.graphics in text edit to rewrite and replaced it in the db folder but it didn’t work after two hours of trying, no luck I also tried nano by that didn’t work form….Then I used Vim and it worked!!!!

        Thanks for the tip Paolo…worked like a charm

        Reply

  6. I have a Asus ProArt 329Q. I have tried your method but after a restart, the oscn value is always back to 1.
    If I set the resolution to 3840×[email protected], the top menu is cut off by about half its height.
    If I set the resoltuion to 3840×[email protected], it’s fine.
    If I hit the overscan checkmark (on), it disappears completely and reappears only after a restart. Weird stuff.

    Reply

    • That’s some weird behavior. Unfortunately, I don’t have that monitor and am not really sure if there’s anything I can do to help here.

      Reply

  7. Hey, maybe you can help me. I tried, but I can’t edit the file because I don’t have the rights. I have an admin account macOS 10.13.6. I disabled SIP and changed all rights to read and write. But there is always the message that I can not edit the date, but only a copy of it. I’ve been looking for a way to use underscan on one of my monitors for ages. Any ideas?

    Reply

  8. Hi I tried to access the file on my mac and it seems to say that the file is locked and i cant edit it and i cant seem to fine the file anywhere else as well… any advise on this issue?

    Reply

  9. My file is also locked… I obviously used sudo to force it, the document opens but I cant edit it. My mac wants me to duplicate the document instead of directly editing it.

    Reply

    • Can you try copying the file to desktop, removing the old file and then pasting new one in /var/db/? To open the hidden folder, just enter open /var/db/ in terminal.

      Reply

  10. I have the same problem i opend it with the command
    sudo open -a TextEdit /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics

    How to fix this?

    Reply

    • Can you try copying the file to desktop, removing the old file and then pasting new one in /var/db/? To open the hidden folder, just enter open /var/db/ in terminal.

      Reply

      • I have the same issue. I opened the hidden folder, but unfortunately the file is hidden too. Is there a way to show it and replace it?

        Reply

  11. I have the same problem. After typing open /var/db/ in terminal, in which folder exactly I have to remove the old file and replace it with the new one saved in desktop? Thanks!

    Reply

  12. Hello!

    I am able to get it to work. However, every time that I turn my monitor off it requires that I repeat the full process even when the information is saved. Know of any fix for this? Thanks.

    Reply

  13. You sir are the best.
    Thank you so much, I was gonna sell my screen after months of aggression towards it.

    I wish you all the good things in this world!

    Reply

  14. Ran into this same underscan problem with black borders showing up on my new Dell 24-inch Ultrasharp U2415 connected to a 2013 Macbook Air running High Sierra, and after hours of looking into the problem the fix turned out to be super simple:

    Just restart in Safe Mode.

    That’s it. Restart your Mac in Safe Mode (restart, hold down the Shift key after the Apple BONG sounds, then restart normally once again for good measure. I don’t know what this clears or resets but it worked for me. No more letterboxing or black borders with the native 1920×1200 resolution selected.

    So maybe something to try first for anyone coming across this post.

    Reply

    • Thanks for the comment and great suggestion. The post is a bit old so I don’t remember if I did start in safe mode (I think I did and it didn’t work), but I will add it to the post.

      Reply

    • Hey XG,

      Many thanks!!!. I have restarted my 2017 Mac in safe mode. Lo and behold my DELL Monitor got filled completely without any Underscan issue.

      Thanks Ishan.

      BR,
      Kalyan

      Reply

      • Saved a lot a time!!
        The safe mode restart worked for my 2018 MacBook Pro with MacOS Catalina!

        Thanks Ishan & XG

        Reply

  15. Thank you very much for your post! It really helped me to solve my problem.
    I just had to perform a different step in changing the value on the file. I had to open the file with “nano” in order to modify it because using “textedit” was getting it locked.

    Reply

  16. Thank you so much for your post! It fixed underscan problem on my Dell U2713H.
    I was just need to disable the macOS’s system integrity protection (SIP) before editing the config file.

    Reply

  20. This seem to be really helpful to others. To me as well but it didn’t fix my underscan.
    This is what mine looks like (after some tinkering).
    I have noticed that I have “oscn” which means overscan, unlike yours, “pscn”.
    Never mind the 12000. Tried editing it, didn’t do anything. The only thing that seems to do anything was the oscn which can be either 1 or 2, yes or no. Just a toggle, can’t adjust.

    IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected],1/IOPP/[email protected]/NVDA,[email protected]/NVDA/display0/AppleDisplay-3674-30

    oscn
    0
    pscn
    12000
    startup-timing

    AAAAAAAAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAB4AAAAQgAAAAAAAACABwAAOAQAAAAAAAAA
    AAAAIO7ZCAAAAAAg7tkIAAAAACDu2QgAAAAAgAcAABgBAABYAAAALAAAADgE
    AAAtAAAABAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAA
    AAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    version
    2

    Reply

  24. Hey, thanks for this fix – it worked for me, although I used vi to edit the file.

    Why can’t Apple can’t just stick the underscan option in the display settings!

    Reply

  25. oscn
    1

    I have this in my file when I make it 0 it’s underscan and 1 on overscan I tried 0.5 but it dint work so what should I do?

    Reply

  26. Great solution, it helped me alot, I just used the file name to locate it in finder then deleted it and restarted my mac and all fixed.

    I opened my finder at root level by selecting locations and the MacBook if not shown just enable it from preferences-Sidebar then enable it from Locations
    press Command + Shift + Period this character . and navigate to var/db and find the .com.apple.iokit.graphics file and delete it after entering your password.

    Restart and Voilà.

    Reply

  31. HOLY SHIT. IT WORKS.

    ABIT OF UNHIDE TECHNIC BY USING CMD + SHIFT + > and REPLACE THE ORIGINAL TEXT WITH THE REPLACED 10000.

    AND FINALLY RESTART. WALLA!

    THANKS SO MUCH

    MAC OS MOJAVE 10.14 (18A391)
    MACBOOK PRO RETINA LATE 2013
    ACER MONITOR KG241Q

    I REALLY NEED THIS BECAUSE I DONT WANT TO REPLACE MY CRACKED SCREEN.

    Reply

  33. Hi

    followed your detailed response on underscaling

    I dont seem to have the pscn attribute to modify in my file:

    any suggestion please?

    I’m connected to a apple cinema display and it shows a band at the bottom of the screen that repeats the main screen … driving me crazy..

    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleBacklightDisplay-610-a03e</key>

    <dict>

    <key>startup-timing</key>

    <data>

    AAAAAAAAAIADMACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABACwAACAcAAAIAAAAB

    AAAAkGyKDwAAAACQbIoPAAAAAJBsig8AAAAAAAoAAFAAAAAIAAAAIAAAAEAG

    AAAuAAAAIAAAAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    AAIAAAAAAAAAAQAEAAEAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    </data>

    <key>version</key>

    <integer>2</integer>

    </dict>

    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleDisplay-610-9223</key>

    <dict>

    <key>cyuv</key>

    <integer>268435456</integer>

    <key>framebuffer-rotation</key>

    <integer>0</integer>

    <key>startup-timing</key>

    <data>

    AAAAAAAAAIAAMACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    AAAAIO7ZCAAAAAAg7tkIAAAAACDu2QgAAAAAgAcAABgBAABYAAAALAAAADgE

    AAAtAAAABAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAA

    AAEAAAAAAAAAAQACAAEAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    </data>

    <key>version</key>

    <integer>2</integer>

    </dict>

    <key>IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleDisplay-610-9223</key>

    <dict>

    <key>cyuv</key>

    <integer>268435456</integer>

    <key>startup-timing</key>

    <data>

    AAAAAAAAAIAAcACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    AAAAIO7ZCAAAAAAg7tkIAAAAACDu2QgAAAAAgAcAABgBAABYAAAALAAAADgE

    AAAtAAAABAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAA

    AAEAAAAAAAAAAQACAAEAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    </data>

    <key>version</key>

    <integer>2</integer>

    </dict>

    Reply

  34. Safe mode didn’t work for me. Also no matter what I changed “pscn” key to nothing changed upon restart. I finally stumbled across the answer. Under System Preferences -> Display I had to uncheck the “Default for display” by choosing a different refresh rate. After doing that, it started correctly reading pscn from the plist file.

    Reply

  35. Ishan thank you very much! Your sharing of knowledge fixed the issue for my 2015 MacBook Pro running High Sierra.

    For anyone experiencing the permissions issue preventing saving the file in TextEdit please use Sublime Text instead. If you don’t have it then use a search engine such as DuckDuckGo to find the Sublime Text website and download the versatile app. Then open terminal and copy paste all of the following one at a time.

    1.
    /Applications/Sublime\ Text.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin/subl
    This should open sublime on your machine. If not visit the credit link at the bottom of this post.

    2.
    sudo ln -s /Applications/Sublime\ Text.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin/subl /usr/local/bin/subl
    This will create a symbolic link in that directory that points to the ‘subl’ program.

    3.
    subl
    Now only this should open sublime on your machine.

    4.
    subl /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphics
    Opens the file, edit the file as described in the original post.

    I changed all pscn integer values to 10000 since I didn’t want to bother with trial and error. Most of the monitors in my list will likely never be used again but I didn’t want to just delete the file.

    Credit: https://www.tunnelsup.com/how-to-open-sublime-text-from-the-command-line-using-mac-osx/

    Reply

  37. I’m still having the issue after following the solutions here :/ none of them worked. this affects my work for quite some time and really need to solve this.

    here is my content of com.apple.iokit.graphics file:

    https://boraoztunc.net/codegraphics.png

    When I changed the numbers from 2 to 10000 down below, it keeps changing back. and have no effect on overscanning.

    Any guidance at this point would be appreciated.

    Reply

  38. Hi. This works with the igpu or amd gpu but does not work with nvidia. I am missing this thing:

    IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/[email protected]/display0/AppleDisplay-10ac-d054

    cyuv
    268435456
    pscn
    10000
    startup-timing

    Instead of that, i am getting this one:

    IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/[email protected]/AppleACPIPCI/[email protected]/IOPP/[email protected]/NVDA,[email protected]/NVDA/display0/AppleDisplay-ed4-1080

    oscn
    1
    startup-timing

    Is there any solution to underscan with nvidia graphic cards?

    Reply

  39. worked in viewSonic monitor
    run as root sesion & change de .com.apple…. archive from 10000 to 9428( value in mountain lion osx anterior system)
    reboot two times and change resolution to 1080i and… voila!
    change to 1080p and be fine

    sorry for my tarzan ingles from Chile

    Reply

  41. Hi. Thanks for your page. I didn’t quite get what you suggested to work but it helped me get to something that did work.

    I just installed an HDMI switch and found that my new Mac laptop needed to have the overscan turned off on the monitor but my old computer had had its settings adjusted to work with monitor overscan turned on.

    I had a partition with Mavericks installed. When I booted there I verified that I could adjust to set the overscan setting off and the display looked fine. When I booted my later OS version in safe mode, it was still showing the old setting with the black around the edges. I tried editing the /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphic file, the modification didn’t seem to stick, the pscn setting went back to the old value after I rebooted.

    What worked for me was booting to my Recovery Partition. When I saw my display fill the screen I had hope, and when I used Terminal to check the /var/db/.com.apple.iokit.graphic file on the Recovery partition and the partition for my usual system I had that magic 10000 value for pscn. I just booted back into my usual system and voila, looks great. So, thanks for the pointers. My suggestion then is that if booting into safe mode doesn’t help, try booting into the recovery partition (command-R at boot)

    Reply

  42. You sir, saved my christmas 😀

    I got a new 21:9 LG Ultrawide display for christmas this year which worked perfectly fine when I tested it a few days before with my Windows laptop. And when I tried it out on christmas with my MacBook Pro 13″ 2019, I was really disappointed and desperate till I found your article.

    Nice work man! Happy holidays from Germany!

    Reply

  44. Thanks for work on this!

    It worked for me, but after any restart of the machine it always reverts back to no underscan until I toggle the screen resolution to a different value other than the default 1080p and then back to 1080p in System Preferences. Then the underscan value I have entered into the .com.apple.iokit.graphics takes effect. Not sure why it’s not automatically applying upon restarting the machine.

    I am on macOS Big Sur 11.2.

    Thanks for any clues.

    Reply

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